Internal-combustion engine



w. FALwELL.

- INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR. I3, 1919.A

Patented Oct. 19, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

W. FALWELL.

INTERNAL comusloN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I3, 1919..

Patented Oct. 19,1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

S /We/ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WRKAY FALWELL, OF FITCHIBURG, MASSACHUSETTS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed March 13, 1919. Serial No. 282,379.

T o aZlwzo/m t may concern.'

Be 1t known that I, WRAY FALWELL, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Fitchburgin the county of Worcester and State of assachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The invention has for an object to effect an improvement in internal combustion engmes, aiming particularly tol enable the attainment ofa two stroke cycle action in the reciprocating piston type, without requiring the compression of the charge, but A enabling its introduction by a suction stroke in the engine. It is a further aim to improve the details of valve operating mechanism. The invention resides partly in the combination and operative relation of the valve operating mechanismand piston, `in addition to structural details as will hereinafter be set forth.

In the drawings,

Figurev 1 is a vertical sectional view through an engine cylinder, and valve action in which the elements of my invention are indicated, although not necessarily proportioned exactly as will be found most preferable in practice, the proportions be-' ing best Vdetermined after demonstrative tests, which have not yet been completed.

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the parts at a different stage'in the cycle action ofk the engine. k

There is illustrated an engine including a crank case 10`which may be of any usual construction in itsV lower part, the upper or crown part 11 preferably including a push; pin mounting 12 on one side, of the familiar type, in which a push pin 13 is reciprocable, while at the opposite side a push pin mounting 14 is provided in the form of a bushing having double concentric walls and open at the inner end so as to receive a spring 15 bearing downwardly against the head of the push pin 16 which is of a familiar form. Upon the lupper crank case element 11 there is mounted a cylinder 17 involving the principle of the T-head motor, but differing from the usual T-head motor in having the exhaust port 18 and valve caging 19 located a distance inwardly of the head of the cylinder, the usual valve seat 20 being formed at the lower side of the cage, below which an exhaust duct 21 is cored in the cylinder casting. A valve 22 of the familiar mushroom type is` provided, its stem mounted in a bushing 23 `pressed into the casting yat the lower side vof the exhaust passage 21, and a spring 24 is confined between the lower side of the valve cage extension and the seat washer 25 pinned adjacent the end of the valve stem. A' threaded opening is formed in the upper side of the valve cage closed by'a removable plug26 through which the valve 22 may be removed and bushing 23 effected. n

At the opposite side of the cylinder a valve caging 27 is provided, identical with that previously described, with the exception that an inlet duct'28 therein does not require to be quite so large, and the inlet port 29 opening immediately adjacent the head of the cylinder is also somewhat smaller than the exhaustV port 18. By reason of the fact that the caging 27 is located farther outwardly from the cylinder, the valvey 30 requires a longer stem than the valve at the opposite side. This enables the use of a spring 31 of greater length than the spring 24 Aupon the opposite valve and consequently more easily -compressed. The valve is carried in a bushing 33 on .the lower side of the valve cage extension.

Any desired form of ignition suitable for two or four cycle engines may be employed in this engine, the jump spark system being indicated,'by the spark plug 34 engaged through the head of the 4cylinder concentric with itsvbore. 1 y

In the cylinder there is slidable a piston 35 of ordinary form connected by the rod assembly of the y36 with a crank 37of. the crank shaft 138.

instance being shown as extending over Y slightly more than two thirds the circumference of the disk, and mounted in the upper part 11 of the crank case there is a lever 43 pivoted intermediately of its length, having wiper rollers 44 on one arm 47 and alined with the disk 40. The lever is mounted upon a pin 45 engaged in an ear 46 mounted on the part 11, and is so formed that when the wiper 44 travels upon the raised portion 41 of the cam, the adjacent end of the lever will engage the push rod 16, lifting the valve 22 into open position. The opposite arm 48 of the lever will drop clear of the push pin 13 at the position last mentioned, but when the lower portion 42 of the cam comes into engagement with the wiper, the arm 48 will be raised to open the valve 30.

Any number of units such as illustrated in the figures may be provided in the engine, and it is an advantage of'my invention that the cranks of the crank shaft in a four cylinder engine may be positioned on respective radii 90 degrees apart successively, from front lto rear and the cylinders may fire in rotation.

In action, the shaft rotating in the direction of the arrows shown in the figures, a charge being in the cylinder and under compression with the parts in position shown in Fig. l, ignition of the charge may be ef fected and the exploded gases will force the piston 55 downwardly until it clears the port 18, when partial exhaustion of the charge will occur, by reason of the fact that the cam 48 4is disposed with its highcportion beneath the roller holding the exhaust valve open during the first part ofthe stroke of the piston. Immediately after the piston passes below the port 18 the lower portion 42 of the cam passes beneath the roller, permitting the valve 22 to close, and opening the valve 30. The remainder of the stroke of the piston will thereby produce a vaouous condition -in the cylinder drawing` a new charge into the cylinder, and when the piston reaches the lower limit of its movement. the high portion of the cam will again engagv the wiper, justas or after the piston is ready to effect its return movement toward the head of the cylinder, opening` the valve 22 and closing the valve 30. The new charge introduced into the cylinder is at its upper end, while the burned charge from` vthe prior explosion which was not completely evacuated when the exhaust port was .previously opened will now be forced upwardly and will pass outwardly through the open port. The passage of the piston above the portl 18 effectively closes the port, ob-

viating necessity for closing the valve 22,

whichv remains open until the stage for clos? ing, as first mentioned. The top portion of the return movement of the piston compresses the charge which is then ignited, as before, and the cyclic action first described is repeated.

Vith this type of engine it will be found preferable to construct it with a long stroke and narrow cylinders in which the opportunity for mixing eddies will be reduced to a minimum.

lt is important to note that with cooling liquid circulating around the cylinder, dur ing the suction part ofthe piston stroke there will be an appreciable reduction in the volume of the exhaust gases remaining in the cylinder. A further reduction of volume may be even more pronouncedly induced by the incoming fresh charge, for if this charge is produced by the ordinary carbureter without. heating attachments it will be extremely cold, and will absorb a Vlargeamount of heat lfrom the hot gases remaining in the explosion chamber. These effects will still further aid in drawing in the new charge.

What is claimed:

A device of the character described comprising a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, a cam having a wrist pin thereon connected to the piston, 'an inlet port adj cent the head of the cylinder, an exhaust port intermediately of the cylinder, valves for said ports, a lever pivoted intermediately of its length having a wiper `thereon engaging the cam, and arranged to lift respective valves at opposite ends, said cam having a raised part thereon to engage said wiper and maintain the valve of the exhaust. port open during the in stroke and initial out stroke of the piston,-said cam having a lowered portion to maintain the valve of the inlet port open during the final part of said out stroke.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of a witness.

I WIR-AY FALWELL.

Vitness:

THOMAS CASEY. 

